Author: tangorra derek t.

College Textbook Forum

One of the main problems that occurs in college students is a lack of a teacher/student bond that will not only help them succeed in the current course they’re in, but can be used for reference later in life. This lack of connection that the student has decreases the participation and productivity within that course. One of the main aspects that students frequently choose not to participate in is reading the assigned texts that the course requires. This absence of participation outside the classroom directly correlates to the student not being able to participate when class is in session because they are not properly prepared for lecture. The purpose of my suggested forum is to increase student participation in reading assignments in college, not only for the purpose of a grade, but because they will gain important reading skills through the completion of texts, such as critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Not only will this allow for singular student success, but the increase in participation for reading would assist the entire class to flow more smoothly. When more students understand and engaged with the text, the more conversation will spring and matters will be discussed, so that not nearly as much talking is done by the professor.

One of the most prosperous forms of participation with assigned texts is annotation. The concept of annotation is to stop each sentence, or each paragraph, and think critically about each word and its relation to the next, and commenting, highlighting or starring certain important sections for later conversation. In an article on Teach HUB, it is said that annotations can be an extremely useful tool for students to document their thoughts during a reading.

“Annotations record your thinking during a reading. Whatever you think after reading something, write it down.”

The audience I am targeting is mostly college students, because the assigned reading list for the secondary-school level can be extensive. According to an article from the academic newsletter The Conversation, the average 12th grader and above spends about 6 hours a day texting, on social media, and online during their free time (The Conversation). The plan for my application/software would be to increase digital media usage, but less for the leisurely use of social media and more for reading articles and textbooks.

As an English major, I had to read 5-6 articles a week between three different English classes when the semester got into full swing. The accomplishment of these readings allowed me to be prepared for not only the upcoming class, but for written assignments and possibly pop quizzes. However, it was not every reading that followed with a gold star, a grade. With the College Textbook Forum, students will be graded based on their engagement with the assigned text. It will not be based solely on the amount of time spent of that specific section of the section, so students will not be able to just try and skip out of reading, which can be accomplished by leaving your laptop open and gaining time spent. But it will include a graded portion based on the engagement of the text, for example, if they highlight a sentence or word.

These engagements with the text will not only provide involvement with the assigned text among students, but the administrator of the class, or the professor, will be able to monitor students’ activity and answer questions, and most importantly, help them structure the next class. The importance of the spontaneity that this forum can create for professors cannot be overstated. Each student learns at his/her own pace, and if there is a roadblock, teachers can point to it using this online application and create a lesson plan around student issues.

I plan to model this plan on all MAC/IOS devices, as well as Sony and Microsoft products for initial testing of the forum. Students will be able access the forum from a plethora of different platforms. First, an application will be created for cellphone users who enjoy their texts or books on their phones. This application will count for the same usage as any other platform as far as grading, and can be accessed for Android and Apple users to start.

The application will extend to larger laptops/computers and tablets. This is where it is expected that most users will access their online readings. I found it most useful to read assigned texts on tablets, as this platform will allow scrolling and engagement will your fingers and can be very easy to get work done when it comes to annotations and commenting.

The last platform will be the good old textbook. Students also have access to the physical copy of their textbook even though all of it will also be on the online forum. This will satisfy the students who enjoy reading their texts up close, however they will have to specify that their readings were done through the textbook, and they will be expected to annotate and comment on classmates’ questions on the online application.

In a CBS article titled, What’s behind the soaring cost of college textbooks, it is explained that the “bundle package” which includes a physical textbook in addition to an access code that allows students to access the textbook online, have soared textbook prices (CBS). This package normally equates to students spending upwards of $100 per textbook. Numerous students now opt not to even bother purchasing the textbook, and rather take the chance to use a classmate’s textbook.

This increase in textbook cost, along with the students having to pay for tuition and room and board, has caused students to cut the cost of textbooks out of the equation. This, in turn, has caused students not to do assigned readings, which makes them ill-prepared for lectures and in-class participation. The hope is that this application will significantly decrease the cost of textbooks students are stuck having to purchase, and just making their entire course catalog available on one site.

The plan is to make the access to the application about $60-$100 per semester, which not only includes all their textbook access, but access to the grading platform and annotation tools that will guide their reading. This product will be marketed toward college students aged 18-whenever who have multiple courses they have to take, and numerous required texts they must purchase

The long-term vision of this product is to expand to every single field of study known to modern education, and have an online forum which has millions of textbooks stored, waiting to be utilized by a college student who has access. With the access to the online forum, hopefully student participation will greatly in terms of reading the assigned texts, and also bring structure to the upcoming classes for the course’s instructor. Teachers should have the ability to adapt their class to suit the needs the students, especially when the classes are smaller. Each student learns differently and hopefully this platform will bring them the confidence to ask questions that they normally would not speak up about in class.

This product should also make classes more engaging, especially when all the students are knowledgeable about the text that is in discussion, which is a rare case in any class. Also, if students are frequently engaging in commenting with the class online, they are more likely to be compelled to have discussions with those students when they are back in the classroom.

My product should change the way college students go about reading. The will not look at annotation as tedious, unnecessary tool, but with the help of the forum, it should help them understand annotation as useful tool for ANY type of reading.

Prototype Proposal:

College textbook forum prototype done (1)

 

Works Cited:

Stage 2: Annotated Bibliography- College Textbook Forum

Annotated Bibliography- Remixing the Book Final

 

5 May 2019.

Summary:

This article analyzes a teacher’s point of view on how to get students to start not only annotating texts because they’re told to, but because they want to and understand that it is a useful tool in all reading, not just the English field. Writer Jordan Catapono utilizes a bullet system to explain each important factor that annotating brings. Most notably, he mentions that just simply interacting with the text is vastly important as far as understanding beyond the words on the page. Asking questions, highlighting and commenting on certain parts of text is a huge fundamental step to understanding the text.

I plan to use this article to point out the importance of annotation. For my product, English professors can utilize a grading system to monitor how much a student interacts with a certain text. Accompanying the grading system, students will learn how to annotate for all sorts of texts and be familiar with all of the ways it helps them, and I will pull instances from the Teach Hub article to back up the reasoning for why students should WANT to annotate, not because they have to. I plan to use some of the different methods for annotating that this article describes, such as symbols, which include highlighting, underlining or starring, and marginalia, where the margins of a physical text can be used for written notes of certain thoughts or ideas that occurred after reading a certain passage.

Summary:

This article points out the reasoning behind the drop in student usage of their class textbooks. The main culprit is the cost of textbooks and one of the factors is the access codes that accompany the physical textbook when you buy it. The code grants online access to your book from any device. This feature is supposed to make up for the increase in cost, but students have stuck to not even purchasing the code and using another friend’s code. The cost of the textbooks impacts how many students engage in the textbook readings, and overall participation from the readings to the lectures in class.

I plan to use actual statistics from CBS News that back up one of the main reasons that students refuse to engage in assigned reading. The cost factor will hopefully keep students at maximum of $60 per semester for the forum because all of their textbooks will be stored in there, which can be inferred to be 4-5 classes a semester. The added feature to all of the information being online in College Textbook Forum is the access to annotate the textbook with your fellow classmates and have an administrator monitor and check your comments for helpful teaching instruction.

Summary:

Reading books and longer articles is one of the best ways to improve your critical thinking skills, help understand more complex issues and help you learn to separate fact from fiction. This article points out a habit that teenagers have: screens. Teenagers and college students spend on a ton of time on phones, computers or television screens.

While this article points to the negative effects of teen digital media usage, I plan to use this article to point to another reason why students should have all of their online textbooks in a single area, where they can easily access them and even better understand them thanks to the annotation tool. The ability to access their assigned readings easily from an application on their phone or computer, and then the ability to be earn grades just by participating on the text, which helps not only your classmates but help your teacher structure his/her lectures based on conversations/issues that arose from a reading annotation.

The Proactive Pen

My idea has to do with increasing the amount of participation that occurs when college students are giving a reading assignment. In The Fall, and Rise, of Reading, Steven Johnson writes that if students are giving a reading assignment and it is not graded, then only about 1/3 of the class will actually finish the reading assignment. How might we increase student reading in a fun/engaging way?

I am looking to target mostly the English majors in the United States, since reading assignments generally makes up about half of all assignments. I am also narrowing it to college students since my application that I am pitching will be used through their respective university.

The application that I have in mind will be an interactive, almost collaborative way to go about daily reading assignments. At the start of term, in one of the required English classes, students will be provided their Proactive Pen for initial usage. The idea is that all reading assignments will be generated/posted in this application. One the app is running, the Proactive Pen will switch on. Once the designated reading is located, that is when the pen will start tracking level of engagement that you are giving to the piece. This pen not only keeps track of how long you have been on a certain page of a text, but it also allows for careful annotating and commenting on others comments.

Once there is a section that is worth noting, you simple push the pen’s stylus side a little more aggressively, and the section will be highlighted for commenting or annotation. The pen can also be used for writing your annotations if students do not feel like typing.

When the next day begins for class, the teacher of the English course can look up and grade how much participation that an individual student had during a reading of a passage. More importantly, the professor can also track where students seemed to be getting stuck or had more questions than other sections and the professor can then address these concerns in class the next day. Not only will there be a more efficient way to grade reading assignments without quizzing, it keeps students more engaged in texts, but also feedback will be given as to what needs to actually be taught when the next class comes around.

Teachers/professors normally have a set schedule of how they want to teach a certain course, but with the Proactive Pen and corresponding application, they will know exactly where students are being thrown off and can address the problems in class.

Karl Stolley Visit

Karl Stolley’s visit to our class really opened my eyes to the world of fonts and the different kind of emotions that each font might bring to the writer that is using it. There were many realization moments where Karl brought up a certain font and then typed what movie/TV show title that it was used for and then everyone in the class was like “OH”. For example when he brought up the font that was used in Star Wars, we all nodded our heads in agreement that we knew where it was from. Also, to see that so many big-name brands use Helvetica for their titles, such as North Face or Crate and Barrel, is kind of incredible. I guess Helvetica is just clean-looking to all these companies and is legible enough for all of their customers.
I feel like whoever is in charge of picking a font for a company’s brand name has a super difficult task has ahead of them because there are so many fonts out there and I am sure that company’s who want to evoke a certain emotion have to find the perfect font for their brand. But some companies and individuals choose their fonts based on convenience, like I remember during our discussion that Amanda uses a certain font for all of her emails because it is the most accessible for people with reading disabilities, which is a very concious and inclusive choice, so that just about everyone can receive and read all the emails from her.

I enjoyed Karl’s visit because he found a fun and entertaining way to talk about fonts, which on any other day, would not be interesting to me, but he kept me into the discussion through all of his knowledge of the fonts and which movies/stores/TV shows that use that specific type of font.

You’ve Got Mail

E-mail, or electronic messages, can be argued as one of the fastest growing and most widely used sources of communication on the planet. Whether just idle chatter with a close friend or colleague, or a mass e-mail out to the entire company, e-mail can be used for a variety of different reasons and it is estimated that nearly half of the world’s population currently uses or has an e-mail address, (LifeWire).

The world can be viewed as constantly connected thanks to technology and the access to information. This view is believed by inventor of the Web, Tim Berners-Lee, who stated in his autobiography, “In an extreme view, the world can be seen as only connections, nothing else. We can think of a dictionary as the repository of meaning, but it defines words only in terms of other words,” (Weaving the Web). This belief that everything is connected is an odd, but very interesting way of thinking. Even though we do not necessarily have everyone e-mail address or phone number, anyone who has a phone or an e-mail address has access to us or a means of communication with us. Berners-Lee thinks that because the Web is constantly growing, only our minds will follow because the access to countless amounts of information is so easily available.

When Ray Tomlinson began messing with computers and the note system that was available for leaving notes on another keyboard, he wanted to bring to fruition the ability to electronic send another computer a message that was not connected by the same server. He hit his Eureka. And the world has responded. According to LifeWire Statistics, there are nearly 3.5 billion different e-mails out there. This statistic is slightly misleading when taking into account the fact that many people (including myself) have more than one e-mail. But this site also allowed for some very specific statistics, like the fact that Gmail currently has nearly 1 billion accounts (LifeWire). With so many people possessing an e-mail address, information is so easily able to be spread in a massive way. If any notice that came to someones attention had to be sent to numerous people within seconds, e-mail allows any users to send a message to hundreds or thousands of recipients, making it one of the easiest modes of communication that we currently have. I think that because so many people have e-mail, communication will never be the same. I don’t think there is another app/technological feature that so many people on Earth possess, aside from many a phone number.

Being a medium where nearly any type of person can say what ever they want and sent it to whoever they want, e-mail is believed to not be as highly touted as other forms of communication. According to Vanessa K. Bohns, a writer for Harvard Business Review, face-to-face interaction is actually more effective in persuasion than e-mail is. “While e-mail grants the opportunity to send messages to a large amount of recipients, our studies showed that face-to-face conversation and interaction were more persuasive in getting people to fill out the survey than e-mail responders, there were 34 times more recipients,” (Bohns). People actually overestimated the amount of their persuasion through e-mail or text message because the messages were not as personal and it seemed to be sent through a mass e-mail chain that recipients can view. According to Bohns, e-mail users that sent the survey out were unable to persuade people to want to open a link from a mysterious user, while many people chose to fill out a survey from someone they did not know.

While Vanessa Bohn’s article proves that e-mail may not be as personal as in-person communication, it is extremely efficient when dispersing information. E-mail has changed the way people send and receive things. Now, all work-related things can be sent to a phone through an e-mail app and people can see that on the go. All of my job listings for Indeed or Glassdoor come through my e-mail. From here, only things can go up. In the future mass amounts of text are going to be able to be sent through e-mail with no limitations and information will spread faster than ever.

Email Annotated Bibliography 

1). Tim Berners-Lee is the author of this autobiography on himself and is essentially the sole inventor of the World Wide Web.  

2). Berners-Lee’s thesis for this book is the creation of the web and how it came to fruition. One of his main claims is that the web’s evolution and its essence are inextricably linked. There was no “Eureka” moment when the Web came to be.  

3). His intended audience is a more well-educated group of readers that wants to learn the truth about how the internet came to be. Being the inventor, there could be bias towards his work as opposed to others who work on the same type of things, but he proves a lot of other methods or people wrong, but that is because his information on the Web’s creation is much more factual and real.  

4). The article is very lengthy and not designed to be read by everyone. Certainly, readers who have an interest in technology and the history of technology will be more inclined to read this autobiography because some terminology throughout might be very confusing to certain readers. But this book does contain facts from sources of a very high stature, because when it comes to the Internet, there is not much more accurate sources than Tim Berners-Lee.  

5). The information from this source greatly strengthens my thesis. With my thesis being how important E-mail has been to the distribution of information and increase in communication, this article supports the growth and the importance of how the internet has increased all of these forms of communication.  

6). This source is from 2000, so it is still very relevant to my tool because the internet and E-mail are constantly growing and the possibilities for both are endless.  

1). No author- Lifewire provides statistics on email throughout the world. 

2). The thesis for this source is the amount of electronic messaging users in the world, which is nearly 4 billion according to Lifewire, and how that number is constantly increasing.  

3). The intended audience would be people that are curious on communication statistics around the world. Or just lovers of the internet who want to know more.  

4). There could be bias when it comes to the number of users that the article provides. Being 4 billion people, I seriously doubt that there are that many email users, because a lot of users have more than one, and that is something that needs to be taken into account.  

5). The article provides stats for nearly all important email sites, including gmail, outlook, etc. But the site points out that it could be projected to be much higher than the numbers it shows, which could mean that some of the information is inaccurate.  

6). The information from this source will greatly increase the thesis of my proposal. Because I believe that email has changed the way the world has communicated, these stats will assist me in explaining that.  

7). This material is very relevant to my paper because the world is constantly growing into a more technology dependent society and email is helping us communicate in a much more efficient way.  

  • Face to Face Request is 34 times More Successful Than Email, by Vanessa K. Bohns 
  • Bohns, Vanessa K. “A Face-to-Face Request Is 34 Times More Successful Than an Email.” Harvard Business Review, 26 Jan. 2018, hbr.org/2017/04/a-face-to-face-request-is-34-times-more-successful-than-an-email. Accessed 8 March 2019 

1). Vanessa is a writer for Harvard Business Review and has written nearly 10 different articles over the span of 5 years.  

2). The author claims that e-mail, while more far reaching than personal, face-to-face communication, is not as genuine and less likely to get people to join whatever cause you are looking for. Vanessa explains that even though it is believe that an e-mail blast would gain more responders, it is the personal communication that will reign in more people. 

3). The intended audience for this article would most likely be well-educated people that read the Harvard Business Review and just people who want more information about technology and the benefits of it.  

4). There seems to be no bias or slant in this article because they had conducted real studies and tests that had compelling results in favor of in person requests rather than email.  

5). The article used a variety of sources that made the article very credible. Some of these studies were even posted in a psychology journal. One weakness is that the word choice throughout might be a little too advanced for some readers.  

6). The information provided from this source would not increase the strength of my thesis, because I believe that email has strengthened the communication between the world and this article explains that in-person communication is much more effective than communication by email or text message.  

7). The material in this article is very relevant, it is just not in terms of my paper. I am talking about the importance of digital communication and this article wants to keep it more personal and in-person.  

Johannes Gutenberg – The Father of Knowledge

The Gutenberg Printing Press, and even beyond that, the invention of a faster means of printing large amounts of text, undoubtedly is one of the most iconic creations known to man. Aside from being able to mass produce books for the first time, the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg altered history for the better and expanded knowledge all the way down to the common folk. Gutenberg and his printing press started a mass movement of information and stories and is one of the sole reasons that the world is even halfway literate.  

Johannes Gutenberg had a lot of help when it came to the creation of his press. Johann Fust, a lawyer and blacksmith, has been recorded frequently as being one of the biggest contributors to Gutenberg’s success, even taking over operations for a little while. Gutenberg also most likely gained help from past generations who had invented printing, such as the people of Asia who had a hand in creating woodblock presses. “His ideas were based on known processes. For example, the printing of block books by means of wooden tables into which the text with illustrations had been engraved,” (Gutenberg Digital). When production of the press finally finished, Gutenberg began the making of the first ever recorded book. He intended to create a forty-two lined Bible that would now be referred to as “The Gutenberg Bible.” This creation was one of the most historic. Not only could the Bible finally be read and owned by many people, but the spreading of religion during this period was vast. According to the Digital Bible site, “The invention of letterpress printing finally gave lower class individuals access to learning,” (Gutenberg Digital), which was very important in the way people thought about reading and text.  

Johannes Gutenberg was certainly a man of his time, and arguably one of the most important figures ever. According to Time Magazine writer Paul Gray, he is up there with the likes of Christopher Columbus and Joan of Arc. Gutenberg allowed the word of God to be in the hands of just about anyone. “Before print, the ability to read was useful mainly for the elites and the trained scribes who handled all of their affairs,” (Gray). But once text could finally be produced at a cost-effective level, people finally had a reason to learn to read. Also, reading eventually became a sort of status symbol, in that people who had the ability to read and write held themselves higher than those who could not. “Affordable books made literacy a crucial skill and an unprecedented means of social advancement to those who acquired it,” (Gray).  

Gutenberg certainly did not create information or knowledge, but he has taken these words and changed their meaning forever. What once was thought as only being able to be in the hands of a few, knowledge can now be dispersed and known by nearly every being on the planet, thanks to printing. “There was a huge ‘knowledge explosion’ that occurred in early modern Europe following the invention of printing,” (Burke 13). It was believed by some elites that knowledge should not even be shared with common people, because it will displace them in the structural hierarchy that they were born into. “In early modern Europe, some elites, like Cardinal Richelieu, often identified their knowledge with knowledge. And that that knowledge should not be communicated to the people, lest they become discontented with their station in life,” (Burke 14). This belief is incredibly selfish and one of the many great reasons for Johannes Gutenberg and his great invention. The skill of literacy also changed the communities that had access or means to text. “From the 15th to 18th centuries, scholars referred to themselves as citizens of the ‘Republic of Letters,’ which expressed a sense of belonging to a community that transcended national frontiers,” (Burke 18). This sense of community, and the idea that each community develops their own customs, texts, rituals and letters, really opened people’s eyes to the individuality that each person can possess and foster. 

The invention of the Gutenberg Printing Press has changed the way knowledge is transferred and perceived. Because of Johannes Gutenberg, knowledge and reading was spread across Europe and undoubtedly had a hand in starting the Renaissance. Gutenberg’s invention is constantly being updated, nowadays being able to create lightning-quick prints in seconds. He should be remembered for making the world literate.  

Gutenberg Annotated Bibliography 

1). Gutenberg was the first person to mass-produce a book so that numerous people could own copies and learn to read. Johannes Gutenberg had the idea to create the 42 line Bible and thus started a revolution in printing.  

2). The main claims of this source are for the history of printing and the belief of Johannes Gutenberg and his ideologies/experimentation of printing. Gutenberg had worked on printing first with woodblocks and eventually worked hard to find a faster, more efficient way to print. 

3). The intended audience for this work was most likely nearly everyone who could get their hands on it at the time. If anyone was able to grab a hold of the 42 line Bible, it was assuredly like a national treasure to own a copy. Also I assume that the intended audience already possessed the ability to read, but it can be inferred that there were a great deal of readers who did not possess the ability before they had gotten the book.  

4). There is no bias or slant, these are digitized transcriptions of the Gutenberg Bible from the 15th century.  

5). This source is hard to find blemishes on because it is just a digitized transcription of the Gutenberg Bible. There are no real weaknesses, as they have Latin versions, German and also English transcriptions for nearly every type of reader that is interested.  

6). The information from this source greatly supports my claim because Gutenberg and the creation of the Bible was just the start of a new cultural growth towards printing and the dispersion of information. Gutenberg and his invention was crucial towards the impact of printing and he was a huge reason why the Renaissance had started.  

7). This source is pretty relevant to my argument, although not the most useful. I can’t pull too many examples from this source, it is kind of just there and nice to look at and be able to use.  

  • Johann Gutenberg, by Paul Gray – content.time.com 
  • Gray, Paul. “Johann Gutenberg (c. 1395-1468)”. Time, Time Inc., 26 Dec. 1999, content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,36527,00.html – Accessed 8 March 2019 

1). Paul Gray was a writer for Time Magazine for nearly 40 years and wrote many cover stories and reviews during that time.  

2). While the Asians had created things and taken steps towards modern printing, Johannes Gutenberg was able to create metal letters and movable type to make mass printing easier. The beginning of printing included the revitalization of classic works and classical learning that spurred the Renaissance.  

3). The intended audience for this article would be history buffs, or people who have any interest in printing or in people who had a huge impact in the spreading of cultural information.  

4). No bias can be viewed in this article, just a straightforward story about the life and the context of Johannes Gutenberg.  

5). The article is short and concise and really allows readers to learn a great deal of information about Gutenberg in an efficient few paragraphs. The article is also very easy to read.  

6). The information in this article greatly strengthens my thesis because Gutenberg and his invention was absolutely crucial in the beginning of printing, and undoubtedly started the world on a printable information trend. Gutenberg also led to people becoming more literate, because they could finally afford books and reading was not just for elites.  

7). This source is relevant to my paper because I find Gutenberg to be one of the most important men in all of history, and right from the beginning, Paul Gray puts him next to Christopher Columbus and Joan of Arc because he believes he is that essential in the history of our known world.  

1). Peter Burke is a historian and writer of many famous historic works such as The Italian Renaissance (1972), Sociology and History (1980), just to name a few. Burke focuses on social and cultural history and ties it to modern dilemmas.  

2). One of the main claims of Burke is that print standardized knowledge by allowing people from different areas to read to same text. Print also encouraged skepticism, because people were reading the same things, their different experiences in the world might lead them to different conclusions about a text.  

3). The intended audience for this book would most likely be historians or history buffs that want to learn about a range of different topics regarding knowledge and information. This book is not easy to read and requires a specific person to want to read its contents.  

4). There seems to be no bias in this book, just precise, fact-checked situations that lead Burke to an accurate timeline of the history of knowledge.  

5). This book is not short and each chapter is very lengthy. But each chapter highlights an important part of history and Burke ties each one together very nicely.  

6). The information from this source will help me sparingly in my thesis, while I do believe that Gutenberg was integral in the beginning of printing and crucial to what we have now, Burke does not go very in-depthly on Johannes’ life, so I did not find much. 

7). The information from this source is very credible and relevant, and this book would be very useful for our entire class to look over, because it beautifully displays a timeline of information on how knowledge has spread throughout humans existence on Earth.  

Electric Circuitry

Mcluhan compares our lives in the digital era to an electric circuit in the way we handle and process new information. Mcluhan believes that we retain no old information when new information comes our way. He believes that the old info leaves us because we have to make so much space for the constantly new, incoming info that we need to process. He makes an example on page 63 about only retaining enough information the pass the test that is most recent, but you will have naturally forgotten the info of the past exams so that you can make room for the new info. I believe that this is true for some individuals who don’t make an effort to retain the previous information that they learned. There are some people that only retain just enough to pass their exams, but that is because they don’t want to remember the old info.

One on one counseling

I met with Kelly Fewster today to see if the skill of publishing or digital publishing will assist me in the journalism field going forward. I think especially with the digital publishing attribute, it could really assist me in uploading my own work onto websites and helping others with uploading their content. They could assist in editing work for their company and giving advice on articles and even helping with the photos that are being used for the article.

I was provided with a paper that shows what my major can do for me in my career. When it comes to digital publishing, some valued skills that employers look at if you are decent at publishing are: digital technology, reading and interpreting text and critical thinking and problem solving. I also think a knowledge of digital publishing will help me understand a variety of media platforms so that I can be useful when using any platform for my job.

Quote Analysis

One quote in particular struck me early on in Mcluhan’s book. It appeared in a very small section title “the others” and it is the very last line in the paragraph. When referring to technology, Marshall writes “We have become irrevocably involved with, and responsible for, each other,” (Mcluhan 24).

I believe that Marshall McLuhan says this because we are so predicated on technology and it connects us easier than ever before. This connection comes with the responsibility of continuous conversation. Often, many people will announce things on social media, rather than personally informing people of a big event. Technology allows us to stay involved in each others lives.

What still kind of makes me curious is his use of the word responsible. How does staying connected with each other make us responsible for one another? Why does this easy accessibility make it others’ responsibility to check on people?