VR Behind Bars

America has the highest incarceration rate in the world. With that said, there is also a high recidivism rate. A major part of this is because prisons are currently aiming to punish rather than rehabilitate. Therefore, prisoners are not properly equipped to be released back into society when the time comes. There is rehabilitation to a certain extent but due to having so many inmates, rehab is not available for everyone. In an online article Sean Smith states, “A 2012 report was indicated that overcrowding of jails and prisons was a leading factor as to why inmates with drug dependency problems were not enrolled in these programs. The overcrowding of jails leads to an increase in the length of the waiting lists to enter drug treatment programs. In addition to overcrowding, staff shortages and limited resources are part of the issue of low enrollment in drug treatment programs” (Smith Drug Treatment Programs of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Exist, but Need More Availability). I have a way to make it possible for every inmate to receive rehabilitation and that is with Virtual Reality (VR). VR requires no staff and is not limited to a certain number of people. If prisons began using VR as a means of drug rehabilitation there would be way more availability and could be done from right side the prisoners cell. VR rehabilitation would typically be used in minimum security prisons to inmates struggling with drug addiction. They would go through the common didactic treatment virtually which would also require them to focus, preventing any distractions or multitasking that occur when rehab is given to a large group. Also, mocking an interactive circle where everyone shares stories and offers support, the VR would allow inmates to tell their stories to the circle of people they see on the screen (even though no can hear them it makes them feel like people are listening), and then they would be able to hear other people stories. There will also be an option to hear success stories from people who have completed treatment.  So both didactic and interactive treatment will be available. 

 

Smith, Sean. “Drug Treatment Programs of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Exist, but Need More Availability.” American Legislative Exchange Council, American Legislative Exchange Council, 2 June 2017, www.alec.org/article/drug-treatment-programs-of-the-federal-bureau-of-prisons-exist-but-need-more-availability/

Class, We Are Traveling to Egypt Today

Virtual reality (VR) is the future of the education system. Using VR, there is a completely different physical and emotional effect on a person than in real life. These fantasies allow for a new level of experiential learning. In a TEDtalk by Chris Milk he discusses how VR appeals to people’s emotions. Additionally, an online article “VR and its Educational Possibilities”, highlights the benefits to education on both an elementary and collegiate level. Although virtual reality can still have a negative stigma, as all technology does, the potential to be somewhere unattainable in the real world, submerged 360 degrees, allows for an abundance of knowledge that cannot be learned without VR. VR benefits visual learners and gives students a safe place to fail. Because of this, VR should be used in the curriculum as an additional “textbook” when appropriate to each lesson.

As early as the elementary level students can begin to benefit from VR. Using this advanced technology is different than showing a video in class because it completely surpasses the ability of any video. Instead of students being told to a watch a video on say, pyramids in Egypt, they can actually be put in the Egyptian setting and explore the pyramids themselves. In “VR and its Educational Possibilities” Elliot Hu-Au states, “This affordance of VR gives students the ability to construct visual and manipulable objects to represent knowledge, an allowance that traditional learning methods lack.” (Hu-Au “VR and its Educational Possibilities”). Hu-Au is simply suggesting that modern day learning cannot possibly teach students to the depth that VR can.

With that said, this becomes a very convenient method of learning for visual learners. This is where I see the potential in VR. I can read from a textbook over and over again but will not retain as much information as I should. VR gives a visual and interactive approach as opposed to just reading words from a page and that is the kind of learning I can take something away from. Even watching videos in class does not meet my academic needs because there are constant distractions happening everywhere. Using VR in the curriculum instead of showing films where students are asked to take notes, would be a good place to start using this tool. Due to the fact that VR forces students to focus, this makes the lesson independent and blocks out other students in the class and distractions they possess. It is impossible to multitask while immersed in the VR world so all attention is directed towards it and that allows for a stronger comprehension of material.

In addition, students hate failing. Whether they are in first grade or twelfth grade, nobody likes to fail. This can hold some students back from trying and take away their desire to participate. VR gives a safe place to fail. This is because no one is watching, it is strictly the student and the VR world, and it is fake. The failures in VR will have no effect on their life in the real world. Elliot Hu-Au claims, “Research has shown in virtual world-building simulations, low-performing students improved academically more than those learning through traditional methods, even more so than their high-achieving counterparts” (Hu-Au “VR and its Educational Possibilities”). The fear of failure is the exact reason for this additional positive effect of VR. Students do not have to feel pressured or put on the spot and are instead immersed in customized learning environments where they can work at their own pace. In Ready Player One, Ernest Cline states, “No one could even touch me. In the OASIS, I was safe” (Cline 26). This is another example of how a pretend world allows its users to feel safe and protected. There is no possible danger or error bound to happen. There is no stressing that comes from not wanting to “mess up”.  In this case, classrooms for students learning at a slower pace, with learning disabilities should incorporate the use of VR into their classrooms to give their students an alternative way to learn that is more interactive.

Even though VR sounds like an unarguable addition to education, it does have its flaws. For example, there are a majority of students who get motion sickness. This becomes a problem when asked to take a wild tour of a VR jungle in science class. I do not get motion sickness but my head did hurt a little bit after using VR for the first time. This is not a reason to abandon the idea of using VR in the curriculum. After using VR a few times I believe students would become accustomed to the new digital learning system. I bet the first class to use computers in the classrooms were uncomfortable and needed time to get adjusted, but now look at the development of computers in education since then. The same process applies for VR. Afterall, Chris Milk claims that VR “has the ability to change the world” (Milk “TEDtalk”). So why deny that possibility?  

In conclusion, virtual reality has the ability to enhance education for students of all ages. Aside from the inevitable discomfort of VR at first, it allows for a deeper level of understanding and provides students with experiences unattainable in real life. If VR was to be used in classrooms instead of showing old school videos or reading from textbooks, students would comprehend much more information. Visual learners and slower learners would also have the chance to use the resources that best suit them. Overall, implementing VR into the education system only enriches the learning experience of all students.

 

Ginger.George

George is designed as a typical nerdy looking male. His name makes fun of his appearance which should throw off other players by making them underestimate him and think he is no good when in reality he is the underdog and wins the game. He isn’t the most athletic competitor but he is actually a genius and human dictionary. Basically, he is Google in human form which gives him all the information he needs to win the game. He is super tall and lengthy so he can reach things in high places.  #gingerpower

 

Accepting The Inevitable Change

Change. Defined as meaning “to transform or convert”, change is a natural aspect of life that is inevitable to occur. As technology and knowledge continue to develop there will continue to be change. If this change is not welcomed and people attempt to prevent it, everything begins to plateau. No more developing, no more improving. Although thoughts on the Internet may not as supporting as others, there is an overall view that it has changed the way people now read and research. However, in order for this change in learning to be successful, the education system must learn to adapt to the developments as well. After all, encouraging out-dated ways of learning does no good in a society that is constantly changing. Due to this, the education system would benefit from teaching students how to properly use the internet at a younger age to prevent  confusion, frustration, and failure when it comes to using technology as a resource further down the road. 

Before this era of technology, the way people had to read and write was a lot different. Typically reading aloud to an audience from paper, readers were forced to speak every word of the text which helped them to understand what was being read. They actually had to pay attention to the context. There was no temptation to skim over the text. In today’s world, which now revolves around reading from a screen, there is more of an emphasis on quick and convenient, rather than efficient. In “Is Google Making Us Stupid?”  Nicholas Carr argues how we are not only what we read, but how we read. He states, “Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy on a Jet Ski” (2008).  As someone who was originally accustomed to paperback books and is now surrounded by the Web, Carr claims that such a transition has taken away from comprehension and analysis. If reading from a screen is so relevant in society today, students should be taught the right way to do so. There is a difference between high school and college students who began their education using paperback books and written tests, and younger students who are just now beginning their education. The development of the Web that occurred, forcing older students to switch to digital learning was not expected so there is an excuse as to why they were not properly taught. For the students who are beginning to learn now with written materials, they are being set up for failure. If the education system knows there will be an abrupt change in the way they are expected to read and research, why are they being taught a false method with no relevance once they reach a certain age? Instead, they should begin learning how to use the Web from the start so by the time they are expected to begin researching and reading lengthy articles they are equipped with proper methods and a full understanding. 

In addition to trying to use the Web with no instructions on how to do so, there is also an inability to concentrate when using the internet. This is due to distraction. Online articles are full of advertisements and hyperlinks to other websites. Our brain loses focus when presented with these distractions. In an online article about the brain, Olivia Goldhill discusses how multitasking effects our productiveness. She states, “Gloria Mark, professor in the department of informatics at the University of California, Irvine, says that when people are interrupted, it typically takes 23 minutes and 15 seconds to return to their work, and most people will do two intervening tasks before going back to their original project” (Goldhill, “Neuroscientists say multitasking literally drains the energy reserves of your brain”). When scrolling through readings on the internet and running into so many distractions, the brain tries to stay on track with reading but cannot help to glance at the multiple flashing ads. This multitasking throws off any train of thought or focus. How are students expected to be in favor of reading online when they cannot concentrate? In an article written by Jabr highlighting the problems with reading online he states that in “a 2003 study conducted at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, nearly 80 percent of 687 surveyed students preferred to read text on paper as opposed to on a screen in order to “understand it with clarity”” (“The Reading Brain in the Digital Age: The Science of Paper versus Screens”). This is not only due to distractions. Studies show that reading online actually causes tiredness and headaches, which is obviously not going to make reading online enjoyable. Also, there is something about physically holding a book that makes it easier to read and understand. As Jabr explains, having control over the text is a preference;  flipping through the pages, highlighting words, writing annotations (Jabr, “The Reading Brain in the Digital Age: The Science of Paper versus Screens”). These are skills taught in schools that are said to be extremely important in being able to understand what is read. Yet, schools then choose to give online readings that students are unable to practice these skills on. So they do not care. They know that they will have a hard time trying to read online, not to mention older generations are constantly complaining over how bad technology is, and it makes the Internet seems like a waste of time.  Jabr explains, “Whether they realize it or not, many people approach computers and tablets with a state of mind less conducive to learning than the one they bring to paper” (Jabr, “The Reading Brain in the Digital Age: The Science of Paper versus Screens”). It is no secret why that is the case. Instead of promoting online reading as a positive and convenient tool it holds a very negative reputation which will not work in the 21st century. Today’s day and age requires fast and efficient work. From schools to careers it is vital that the Internet is being used to it’s advantage. Carr states, “It has made research very quick and efficient” (“Is Google Making Us Stupid?”) as opposed to the “old days” when finding information for research papers was like pulling teeth. With that said, students need direction. They need to be informed on how to deal with all those distractions and they need to be fed positive feedback on using the Internet so they are not automatically shut down when face to face with the Web.

The issue is simple and the solution is just as simple. Technology is relevant in 2018 because it is needed. It is part of change in society that is going to continue to develop no matter what. If students were taught how to online rather than just being told what to read, there may not be such a dreaded attitude towards the frequent online reading done today. Mixed messages need to stop being given to students. Degrading the use of technology and how it brainwashes the youth then giving them multiple online readings to try and analyze is enough of a distraction without all the extra ads they are soon to encounter. The Internet is there to help society grow and increase intelligence. In “The Deep Space of Digital Reading”, La Farge quotes MaryAnn Wolf when she states “We have to be discerning, vigilant, developmentally savvy.” And of course we have to be surprised, delighted, puzzled, even disturbed. We have to enjoy ourselves. If we can do that, digital reading will expand the already vast interior space of our humanity.” This statement suggests that even though the way we read now is totally different than it was years ago, it does not have to be a bad thing. If the tools are used right and taught right from the start, these sophisticated benefits of technology will lead the world to a whole new chapter of knowledge. 

A Look into a Look of Modern Technology

Nicholas Carr, author of Is Google Making us Stupid?, is a knowledgeable writer who informs his audiences about technology and culture. Carr has written for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and Wired along with publishing books of his own. In 2010 his book The Shallows: What the Internet is Doing to our Brains became a New York Times bestseller and is now a modern classic used for debates on the effects technology has on ones thoughts and perceptions. In 2014, Carr published another popular book called The Glass Cage: Automation and Us. This book focuses on the social and personal consequences of depending on technology as much as society does. His most recent full novel, Utopia is Creepy, published in 2016, is a collection of  his best writings, essays, and blogs from past years. Also, in 2015 Carr received the Neil Postman Award for Career Achievement in Public Intellectual Activity from the Media Ecology Association. With all this said, Carr obtained a bachelors degree from Dartmouth College and a masters degree from Harvard University in English and American Literature and Language. He used to be executive editor of Harvard Business Review early in his career. Carr has proven himself to be a very reliable source with an ample amount of knowledge dealing with previous and modern technology. 

As for audience is concerned, Nicholas Carr tends to aim his writings toward current students. The information perceived in Is Google Making us Stupid? is written at a level that educated students, particularly high school and college students, can understand and relate to. Being the primary audience, Carr includes facts and opinions he knows will grab the attention of students reading. There would less of a purpose trying to reach out to older adults who are already convinced technology has ruined current generations. Carr claims, “The more they use the Web, the more they have to fight to stay focused on long pieces of writing” (Is Google Making us Stupid?). Right away this line catches the attention of young people who are being forced to read through computer screens and are experiencing the same difficulties. Being the secondary audience, adults are still able to retain valuable information from the article but in a different way. When Carr refers to a previous method of technology, such as the typewriter and stopwatch, adults may find it easier to follow his message because they are more familiar with the objects he is referring to. However, with such an understanding for technology and how human beings have adapted, Carr is able to appeal to both parties. 

When it comes to to Carr’s main purpose in this specific essay he argues that although there is a new way of reading that takes away from ones “actual” intelligence and ability to comprehend what is being read, there is an overall increase in the amount of reading done due to the easy access of writings online. In the words of Maryann Wolf, “When we read online, she says, we tend to become “mere decoders of information.” Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental connections that form when we read deeply and without distraction, remains largely disengaged” (Is Google Making us Stupid?). Wolf is stating that reading online provides less of an understanding for what is being read. Words may seem to have been read off the screen, but instead of reading to retain, there is “a form of skimming activity” (Carr, Is Google Making us Stupid?) that distracts and disengages readers. This becomes a problem when the brain begins to act “like a computer” (Carr, Is Google Making us Stupid?) and technology is depended upon. Carr does not like the idea of the Net “becoming our map and our clock, our printing press and our typewriter, our calculator and our telephone, and our radio and TV” (Is Google Making us Stupid?). This is where the idea of “artificial intelligence” comes into play. Carr claims Google is continuing to strive to give their browsers an easy and efficient way to access information. The issue being people are no longer forced to figure out for themselves. Like Socrates predicted, the future would consist of people “filled with the conceit of wisdom instead of real wisdom” (Is Google Making us Stupid?). 

The context of Carr’s essay varies. He uses evidence from back in 1882 up to present day studies.  Discussing how “our writing equipment takes part in the forming of our thoughts” (Carr, Is Google Making us Stupid?) from back when typewriters were the primary use shows how much of a development there must have been over those 150 years. If a typewriter had the ability to show how different devices have different effects on the way we interpret and see information, then that makes Carr’s argument that much stronger when stating how present day technology has taken an even bigger toll on the way we process our thoughts. Carr also uses facts from papers published in the 1900’s. Aside from throwing in “old” evidence, the article itself was written in the summer of 2008. Being 10 years ago, the information in the article is still relevant. However, there has been many new inventions and discoveries related to technology since then. But if Carr was able to prove his point with examples from the 1800’s then examples from 2008 only help his argument. His most current evidence is from a 2004 interview with Newsweek and an even more recent study on the brain from George Mason University.

This piece of writing is an essay. Carr uses an intriguing introduction that poses an example for what the rest of his essay will be be about. He uses other books, people, studies, and history to form his argument and prove his points. In Is Google Making us Stupid? Carr uses first person to make his writing more personable and relatable. Instead particular, this genre of writing appeals to the younger generation that is currently consumed in this form of reading and interpreting.

https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2008/07/is-google-making-us-stupid/306868/#annotations:RQPCpLtGEeievL_4j9paXQ

Opening a New Door

Everybody has a story. When you first enter the world you are entering into a blank canvas. A canvas with no knowledge, no expectations, no preferences, no nothing. As you begin to grow and develop you also begin painting your canvas. This painting represents everything from the fundamentals you learn in your early years to the teenager you are and ultimately to the adult you become. Each and every mistake, experience, regret, cry, and laugh is permanently a part of your painting. All of the things we go through, even the ones that seem so little or the ones we wish we could erase are what make us who we are. With that said, no canvas has exactly the same painting because after all it is YOUR canvas. So back to the early years when I had that blank canvas with no knowledge yet. Learning how to read and write seems like a pretty basic skill to us now, after practicing so consistently for the past 15 years, but when that canvas was white with nothing it was probably the first and most important part of our painting. However, the way we all learned to do so vastly varies. Personally, I used a few major tools in learning how to read and write. Between my mom, pictures, beginner writing books, and my siblings, I was able to begin my painting. Once given these tools as a jump start, I took matters into my own hands and used my own imagination to continue learning. 

Learning from pictures was a vital part in how I began to read. At a very young age (two years old) I would grab a picture book, set my infant little sister, Emma, up on the couch, and “read” the book to her. Based off of what I though was happening in the pictures is the story I would tell her, obviously not at all what the words on the page said. Sometimes I would only point to the pictures and say a word or two since I was so little. But it was a start. My mom recalls one specific book, Hug, that solely had the word hug in it. She would read one page and then on the next page I would take a turn and say the word hug. Within the next year or so my mom would continue to read me picture books and by this point I was able to remember a basic story line of what my mom had read to me and that would be the story I then read to my sister. Still pointing at the pictures, still making up an idea based off of what I saw, but I was able to recite some words and ideas my mom had to read to me. My little brother, Evan, came along and now I had two little faces in my story time audience. 

As my siblings reached the ages where I was first learning to read based off of pictures and memory, little four year old me began acting as their mentor which in turn, helped me even more. They would try to create their own stories based off the pictures in books as I sat there ready to jump in and correct them at any point. Occasionally my bossy, know-it-all, sassy self would grab the book right from them and take over. It was not because I was intentionally trying to be bossy but I was excited to know more than them and show off my skill. 

In terms of writing, there was a similar process put into play. My mom, again a major tool in my early learning days, guided me through the beginner writing books that have the dotted letters for you to copy. That was the first step in writing my letters. We also had an easel that became a huge part in my reading and writing. For example, my mom would write either a letter or a word on the chalkboard. I would take the chalk and try to copy the letters she wrote (of course always thinking what I wrote was right). Sometimes she would guide my hand through how to write the letter first and then let me try on my own. It is funny to look back now on papers I wrote in pre-school and kindergarten because of all my “g”’s are backwards. No matter how many times my mom wrote a lowercase “g” on the chalkboard and had me copy it, they always turned out backwards. This is no surprise but eventually it was my duty as a big sister to teach my brother and sister how to write. Again, I followed the same steps my mom took me through with writing letters on the board and having them come up and copy what I wrote. This is around the time we started playing school. They would sit on the floor, criss-cross applesauce with their hands folded, and I would stand at the chalkboard and teach them whatever skills I learned in school that day. Whether it was learning how to break up words to sound them out, copying the alphabet and numbers, or making them made-up homework sheets that they had to do (yes, I would grade them), this was how I practiced my reading and writing. Emma and Evan would raise their hand and I would call them up to copy the letters I had written on the chalkboard. Like my mom did to me, I would help guide their hands through how to form the letters and then let them try by themselves. More times than not I would just grab the chalk out of their tiny hands and end up writing the words for them because I could not stand to see them do it so slow (again, bossy and sassy). We played school just about every night until mom and dad said it was bedtime. But the play school was not over. I would set up a “class” of stuffed animals in my bed and teach a lesson to them as well. I gave them all names and wrote them down on a piece of paper to take attendance each night. And I obviously read them books because by this point I had to be a reading pro, right? Bottom line is, it all started with my mom giving me the necessary tools and demonstrating how to use them and then my own imagination and thoughts to find different ways to go over what I was learning. 

Now I am 18, in college, and continuing to develop my reading vocabulary along with writing abilities. Looking at the bigger picture I only have a piece of a painting on my canvas. I have learned so much yet there is still so much more to come. However, the past 15 years would have taken a completely different route if I had never learned those two basic skills. We use reading and writing every single day, sometimes not even thinking about it. Reading a birthday card, sending a text, ordering dinner when out to eat, looking something up on the internet, and typing an essay are simple examples of things we are able to do that we take for granted. As for the future is concerned, reading and writing will be the tools I use to continue painting my canvas. In order to graduate from college with a degree, there will be essays and presentations and finals. Of course, being illiterate would be no help in order to complete these necessary elements. Once a degree in Criminal Justice is achieved, the next several years will revolve around an immense amount of data, report writing, and reviewing cases. How would I be able to do any of this if I could not read the basic word “the”? If there were any careers that could get away without these requirements there would not be such an overall push to retain such concepts. I hope to travel and try many new things and the ability to read will help me to get there. And when the time comes for me to have my own children, I now have a sense of the tools they need to be given in order to learn to read and write, as was I. Once I provide them with that jumpstart, I will be able to watch them grow and use their own imaginations to better themselves whether it is playing school with their siblings or teaching a class of stuffed animal dogs. 

So a big thanks to my mom, those pictures, and that beginner writing book with the dotted letters. Thank you to my siblings for letting me be a bossy big sister and teach you all the things I was learning at the time. Because after all, this is the reason I am where I am today.