Ancestral Home: Chinese Immigration

This academic article is about a study on Chinese mothers who immigrate to the United States. The study specifically tackles the acculturation and parenting styles that Chinese mothers use with their children once they have arrived to the United States. The study also examines the mother’s psychological well-being and their ethnic identity resolution. For example, the article states, “This study highlighted the importance of examining interplay between ethnic identity and acculturation in promoting the psychological well-being and positive parenting of Chinese immigrant mothers in the United States.”

I found this article to be a bit surprising and very informative. The reasoning behind why I thought the article was surprising was because I was surprised to even be able to find a study on Chinese immigration. I was also surprised that many Chinese mothers do acculturate towards the mainstream American culture, ethnic identity, and parenting styles. Overall, Chinese immigrant mothers have a greater appeal towards participation in the American culture. This in turn led the mothers to have a positive psychological well being.

Vu, Kathy T. T., et al. “Mediating and Moderating Processes in the Associations between Chinese Immigrant Mothers’ Acculturation and Parenting Styles in the United States.” Asian American Journal of Psychology, Mar. 2019. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1037/aap0000150.

State Level Immigration Policy

The author examines what level of responsibility there is between the federal government and the state government in creating policies around immigrants. Federal government ultimately has the largest responsibility in creating and enforcing the regulations around immigration, but the author examines how more recently states have been taking a larger role. The article begins by looking at the number of state legislation and resolutions that took place between 2005 and 2014. Arizona has stated a movement of legislation being created with what became known as the Omnibus Legislation because it lumped several bills into one. Within the next year, five other states passed similar legislation.

The journal then takes a wide look at all each state and the legislation they have enacted. This information is displayed in a large chart. The author then examines the different type of legislation more closely. It looks at law enforcement and the structure in which they exist and interact with immigrants. It touches on an E Verification for employment and how different states have different levels of requirements. It even continues into areas to determine how eligible immigrants are for In-State tuition and other financial aid resources, drivers licenses, and health care. Each area that is examined is accompanied by a diagram of the United States and to what degree the legislation exists.

The entire article is written about the laws and what limits are put onto immigrants and the way they are living. The journal was published in 2016 with much of its information coming from 2013-2015, being that it is currently 2019, I am unsure how much legislation has changed since the publication of this journal.

View journal here.

“Landscape of State-Level Immigration Policies.” A Cost-Benefit Framework for Analyzing the Economic and Fiscal Impacts of State-Level Immigration Policies, by Lynn A. Karoly and Francisco Perez-Arce, RAND Corporation, 2016, pp. 3–20. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt1btc0p8.10.

Ancestral Home Immigration/Refugee Article

My article is focused on my ancestral home, Scotland’s, immigrants. More specifically, the article focuses on Scottish immigrants in Australian cities from 1880-1933, and how, “this article demonstrates that Scottish migrants in Australia at the turn of the twentieth century largely belonged to an urban industrial working class, and provides a useful correction to the traditional images of Scots in Australia as mostly rural, well-off, and conservative migrants,” (Wilkie 81).

 

Over time, it’s been argued that settlement patterns of Scots in Australia has been associated with employment opportunities, housing, lifestyle, and religious preferences. But their experiences entering Australia were not always good to start off with and wanting some wishing they could go back home to Scotland. But there were areas in Australia where family houses had been deserted and left open for the taking. It was minimal but enough to satisfy what the immigrants wanted: a portion of land to themselves. They were leaving behind cramped houses where families were living on top of each other, almost literally, to survive in the crowded country, making the change to Australia very different. The choice of housing does not seem to affect what church Scots went to for the main draw seems to be to head towards Presbyterian churches such as Dorcas Street Presbyterian Church and Sunday School. Scottish immigrants tend to work primarily in jobs they were familiar with like manufacturing and shipping and would get jobs by ports.

 

All in all, I found this article academic journal interesting because it gives a different look at immigration within another country at a different point in history.

 

Wilkie, Ben. “Lairds of Suburbia: Scottish Migrant Settlement and Housing in .                   Australian Cities, 1880-1930.” Journal of Scottish Historical Studies, 2016,                 81-104.

Infusing sociocultural perspectives into capacity building activities to meet the needs of refugees and asylum seekers.

It’s estimated that 1 out of every 230 persons is or was a child or adolescent who has been forced to his or her home. According to the United Nations there are currently close to 55.2 million forced migrants globally, the majority of victims being woman and children with half of those displaced are children and adolescents. By mid-2015, the number of new refugees and asylum seekers had reach an estimated 15.1 million globally; For the purpose of the review, the POI (population of interest) comprised of refugees affected by conflict and violence. One immediate consequence of forced migration is the effect it has on the family, who has no choice but to leave behind everything and be separated from loved ones. These are not voluntary migrations; they’re force to leave due to extreme conditions. In 2016, the Thai gov’t began providing educational materials to improve the experience of refugees, in order to provide a successful integration. Some of the challenges of social integration are the linguistic barriers and cultural incongruences, school-age children face adaptation to school-life that affect their academic achievement. Another challenge is mobility, due to the frequent moves from place to place, migrant families have problems forming relationships with their peers.

In order to deliver effective services to them, the review details different elements needed. Capacity Building Activities, Promoting Multiculturalism, Leadership development in the community, and youth-development programs are elements that would greatly improve the social integration of migrant families. Successful integration and functioning within each refugee community cannot be achieved without sociocultural congruent practices that lead to meaningful teaching and activities

 

Rivera, Hector, et al. “Infusing Sociocultural Perspectives into Capacity Building Activities to Meet the Needs of Refugees and Asylum Seekers.” Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne, vol. 57, no. 4, Nov. 2016, pp. 320–329. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1037/cap0000076.

Adult Education Services For Immigrants

The scholarly article I found was titled “Immigrants to the United States and Adult Education Services.” The work was done because there aren’t enough adult education courses, like English as a second language (ESL), provided to immigrants. The work was done by evaluating and researching issues and statistics related to immigration in the United States and adult education classes as well as using personal experiences from immigrants themselves. A result that was found was that undocumented immigrants have a harder time taking advantage of the few courses that are available because they need proof of citizenship to attend these classes. It was also found that classes, especially ESL, are extremely important for immigrants because if they are not proficient in English, they end up with low-wage jobs, unable to acquire new skills and new jobs, and denied equal access to health and other services. The work also portrays how organizations like social service agencies, community centers, and especially churches and libraries are the places that support and provide resources, like adult education services, to immigrants.

Since this was a scholarly article there wasn’t much bias present. The main bias I saw in the article that makes me think it is left-center is the fact that it brings up the Trump administration in a negative connotation, without facts. One line that stuck out to me for this was “Unfortunately, under the Trump administration, the conditions for undocumented immigrants are rapidly changing for the worse; they are likely to experience increasing persecution and discrimination” (Larrotta). Since this article was written in 2017 and cites most of its information from 2015 and some from 2016, I felt like this was more of an opinion addition to the article, rather than facts. It doesn’t use any evidence to back up the claim and the Trump administration had only been in the white house for a year before it was published. Other than this bias, I thought it used a lot of evidence and research, rather than interviews, and they cited a lot of references to back up their background information.

 

Works Cited: Larrotta, Clarena. “Immigrants to the United States and Adult Education Services.” New Directions for Adult & Continuing Education, vol. 2017, no. 155, Fall 2017, pp. 61–69. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1002/ace.20241.

opposing articles

The article  “Trump heads to US-Mexico border after a week of confusing threats” is about how President Trump  went to the US-Mexico boarder following a week of confusing comments over whether he’s would shut it down.  The author of the article is Maegan Vazquez a CNN White House reporter. CNN is known to have a bias toward the left and being critical towards the right.

In the article is states Trump said “the immigration system is full, regardless of whether the individuals seeking to come into the US are seeking asylum or not.” The article shows how President Trump is standing firm on his decision to not allow anyone else in regardless of the reason why. He also repeated his claim asylum seekers were perpetrating a hoax on the US.  Throughout the article there are key words that pop out to make the reader angry it seems. The word “threat” comes up consistently. The article seems to written for people who are against Trump. The article does not mentions any statistics about how many immigrants are currently trying to cross the boarder.  The phrase “fake news” was mention in the article. This term has been mentioned in the news a lot lately and seems to trigger people.  The fact that the article mentioned President Trump saying “fake news” makes me think the author wants people feeling a certain way.

The other article “Trump declares ‘country is full’ in Fox News interview, says US can no longer accept illegal immigrants” is about the same topic but from the Fox News stand point.  Fox News has an overall strong right bias. The author of the articles is Lukas Mikelionis a reporter for Fox News. This article only mentions the word threat once and does not have the term “fake news” in it. The quotes in this article are also much softer on President Trump “the U.S. immigration system can no longer absorb a mass influx of illegal immigrants, but praised Mexico for stopping border crossings after his threat to shut down the U.S.-Mexico border.” This articles potential manipulation presents is evident with the word choice and quotes the author decided to use. “There’s never been so many people coming up and that’s because they’re gaming the system and the system is changed for the worse because of what happened with Democrats and what they’ve done in terms of Congress,” Trump said. These two articles are on the same topic but have a very different outlook.

https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-declares-the-country-full-in-fox-news-interview-says-american-can-no-longer-accept-illegal-immigrants

https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/05/politics/donald-trump-border-visit-calexico/index.html

Article 2: Opposing Side, Migrants in the Rio Grande Valley

The article “The Border Crisis Is A Money-Making Machine For Smugglers” is about the immigration border crisis. The writer of the news article is John Daniel Davidson who is a senior Federalist correspondent. The Federalist is known to be a right leaning news source and this specific news article is Davidson’s written testimony that was delivered before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

The article included opinions and facts about the experience at the border in the Rio Grande Valley. Davidson includes details about the process that immigrants have to go through in order to get through the physical border. Davidson also discusses his views on why he thinks the border is a making money machine. He states, “Assuming each migrant pays $4,000 for safe passage over the border, that’s about $400 million – just for those apprehended crossing illegally in March.”

Something that this article includes that the first article did not include was the discussion of drug cartels. This article went further in depth about the reasonings and the profit that is made when immigrants cross the border. This article also uses a different kind of language when discussing this topic. For example, the first article calls asylum seekers “migrants” while this article calls them “immigrants.” However, both articles did agree on the same point, which is the immigration system is flawed.

“How refugee children make American education stronger”

The news article “How refugee children make American education stronger” was posted on June 21, 2018 by The Conversation. The article focuses on how people have mixed emotions and are divided on the issue of if refugees should be accepted into our school systems. Over the years there has been a decline in refugees migrating to the US or UK. People who see refugees as a drain on public resources may see this decline as a positive. Many people though see this decline as a loss to our schools and communities.

This article took different quotes from people stating how they were missing out on diversity and opportunities of interaction to better round themselves due to the lack of refugees that are being allowed in the US. Many of the refugees who are accepted into high education institutions are making a difference in their own lives and to the schools. Many educational establishments are placing strong emphasis on global citizenship and cross-cultural engagement to better round young people and bring new views and innovation into their lives.

This article strongly focuses on understanding different cultures and how these refugees are bringing new ideas and views into the school systems. It allows kids to understand and learn prejudice and citizenship along with allowing teachers to ask questions about culture and family values through others.

This article took a different viewpoint on refugees in education from my other article because it focuses on kids in the school systems and how they are making a difference. While my other article really touched more on how kids could not attended these schools because they were refugees and had not funding or way to get to the US.

http://theconversation.com/how-refugee-children-make-american-education-stronger-97908

“Education remains an impossible dream for many refugees and migrants”

The news article “Education remains an impossible dream for many refugees and migrants” was posted on March 6, 2019 by UN News. This article focuses on how many young children in the UK dream about going to college but most of them know that it will not be possible. Many of these kids cannot get funding for loans and are charged fees for being from overseas. Many of the refugee camps in Greece and overseas do not offer any formal education, and if there is a slight education system most of them do not have the proper supplies or funding to give an adequate education.

This article was written to give people an insight to see how hard it is for refugees to get an education in America. It gives a lot of insight into the different applications and steps that these kids have to go through and most of the time they just get denied. This work was done to help to create many different funding campaigns and bring awareness to people who are willing to help. These children and schools overseas are in dire need of funding and support. This article also contains facts and information from the Education Cannot Wait program and UNICEF.

I found out that many people are hesitant to fund some of these programs because they are not sure that refugees will have the learning ability to complete schooling or move forward with their lives. I found this to be extremely surprising and almost rude because these refugees are trying to make their lives better so why would they not take the schooling seriously?

The final conclusion of the article is to show that most of these children are fleeing from violence or just want a fresh start. A way to get higher education is just the beginning of them starting their lives and proper schooling and funding plays a significant role in helping them to find stability and support.

https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/03/1034141